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Using existing drugs to treat cervical cancer before standard treatment could lead to a 35% reduction in the risk of relapse or death, a new study suggests. Researchers from the UCL Cancer Institute and UCLH looked into whether a short course of induction chemotherapy (IC), where a drug is used to destroy as many cancer cells as possible, before chemoradiation (CRT), could help with this. Here’s everything you need to know about the findings… What is cervical cancer? According to the NHS website, cervical cancer is a type of cancer found anywhere near the cervix – the opening between the vagina and the womb (uterus), which is also known as the neck of the womb. Most cervical cancers grow very slowly and are caused by an infection from specific types of human papillomavirus (HPV) and mostly affect women under the age of 45. According to Jo’s Cervical Cancer Trust, symptoms include vaginal bleeding that is unusual to you, changes to vaginal discharge, discomfort during sex and pain in your lower back or pelvis. Changes to cells can be spotted by a cervical screening, and then treated before they turn into cancer. There are around 3,200 new cases every year in the UK, with the five-year survival rate being around 70%, according to Cancer Research UK. CRT has been the standard treatment for cervical cancer patients since 1999, but even though there have been overall significant developments in radiation therapy techniques, up to 30% of people experience their cancer coming back. What did the research involve? Over a 10-year period, 500 patients who had been diagnosed with cervical cancer – that was large enough to see without a microscope but hadn’t spread to other parts of the body – took part in the Interlace trial at hospitals in the UK, Mexico, India, Italy and Brazil. Researchers looked into whether a short course of IC before CRT could reduce rates of relapse and death. What results were found? After five years, researchers discovered that 80% of the people who received a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy were alive, whilst 73% had not seen their cancer return or spread. A major benefit, according to researchers, is that it can be incorporated into standard of care treatment relatively quickly, because cheap, accessible and already-approved ingredients such as carboplatin and paclitaxel are needed for IC. “Our trial shows that this short course of additional chemotherapy delivered immediately before the standard CRT can reduce the risk of the cancer returning or death by 35%,” said Dr Mary McCormack, lead investigator of the trial from UCL Cancer Institute and UCLH. “This is the biggest improvement in outcome in this disease in over 20 years. “I’m incredibly proud of all the patients who participated in the trial; their contribution has allowed us to gather the evidence needed to improve treatment of cervical cancer patients everywhere. “We couldn’t have done this without the generous support of Cancer Research UK.” Why is the research important? Dr Iain Foulkes, executive director of research and innovation at Cancer Research UK, said: “Timing is everything when you’re treating cancer. The simple act of adding induction chemotherapy to the start of chemoradiation treatment for cervical cancer has delivered remarkable results in this trial. “A growing body of evidence is showing the value of additional rounds of chemotherapy before other treatments like surgery and radiotherapy in several other cancers. “Not only can it reduce the chances of cancer coming back, it can be delivered quickly using drugs already available worldwide. “We’re excited for the improvements this trial could bring to cervical cancer treatment and hope short courses of induction chemotherapy will be rapidly adopted in the clinic.”

Mexicans dressed as skeletons parade through the streets of the capital ahead of the Day of the Dead.

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Pumpkins, witches, black cats – forget it. If you want to slay at Halloween these days, you’ve got to think outside the box. Of course, few of us have the budget or on-call makeup artist to recreate Heidi Klum’s iconic worm get-up, but that’s no excuse not to cause a stir. The internet is awash with weird, wonderful and down-right mind-boggling costume ideas to get your creative juices flowing. And so, with October 31 just a few days away, indy100 has rounded up all the most brilliant and bonkers options to help you secure your place as the belle of the monster’s ball. Pick of the best 1. Taylor Swift and Travis Kelce We know you're as invested in this blossoming love story as we are, so get yourself an Eras-style dress and an NFL jersey and prove it. 2. Allan '"There are no multiples of Allan. He's just Allan." So forget Barbie and Ken – don a rainbow-striped flannel shirt and truly stand out from the crowd. 3. Succession's "ludicrously capacious bag" "What's even in there? Huh? Flat shoes for the subway? Her lunch pail? I mean, Greg, it's monstrous. It's gargantuan. You could take it camping. You could slide it across the floor after a bank job." You know what we're talking about. 4. Tanya from the White Lotus "These gays, they're trying to murder me." Gone but never forgotten. 5. ‘Instagram vs reality’ This is both easy to recreate and genius. (Just careful who you ask to be your "reality"...) 6. Bob Ross + painting Euphoria's Lexi inspired a whole generation of Bob Ross costumes. And now they're available on Amazon. Aaand... some weird ones 7. Deer in the headlights Someone came up with this idea and it actually got made. Oh, and it can be yours for a mere £64.99. 8. Spaghetti and meatballs Seeing someone clutching a pair of giant meatballs is not our idea of a Halloween treat. But, hey, if you're into it and you're based in the US, you'll just need to fork out $84.98 to recreate this look. 9. Light plug and socket We would argue that whoever came up with this had the opposite of a lightbulb moment.Though, to be fair, it is pretty creepy. (And can be yours for $31.99 – or around £26 plus shipping.) 10. A pair of trainers Look, we're not trying to be purists and we get that Halloween isn't all about cobwebs and zombies any more but, seriously, what the hell does a pair of sneakers have to do with anything? Honestly, if you think this one is for you, you can pay your £59.99 and jog on, as far as we're concerned. Sign up for our free Indy100 weekly newsletter Have your say in our news democracy. Click the upvote icon at the top of the page to help raise this article through the indy100 rankings

The world wants to master the process of corralling carbon, and Occidental Petroleum Corp. is building a futuristic

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Brooklyn Beckham has spent a lot of time trying to figure out what he wants to do, and being the son of David and Victoria Beckham probably doesn't take the pressure off. From a photography book to modelling, he's tried his hand at a range of careers, but his recent move into cooking hasn't come without its criticism. Beckham launched his show 'Cookin' With Brooklyn' in December 2021 which has received has received waves of criticism and hate. But speaking to Insider, he said "To be honest, I'm used to the hate." "I doesn't really bother me. Cooking makes me happy. I have more important things to worry about than people saying a little bit of rubbish about me." A video of Beckham blowtorching a toastie for no apparent reason went viral after people left comments such as "he's so rich he's bored." @independent Brooklyn Beckham baffles and delights after blow-torching a toastie for no apparent reason ? #fyp #fypシ #viral #brooklyn #beckham #brooklynbeckham #food #foodtiktok #viralvideo Another video of the 24-year-old using almost an entire bottle of avocado oil to cook two pieces of children drew in lots of criticism. "That's a LOT of oil," a follower wrote, with the bottle used retailing for $24.99. Although Beckham doesn't have any culinary training, after going to college to study photography and media, he referred to himself as a "chef" after being interviewed in a TikTok. @itsdanielmac Bruh What Even Is A “Chef Name ??@brooklynbeckham #mclarenp1 #p1 "Hey, man! What do you do for a living? Your car's awesome!" TikToker Daniel Mac asked him. "Um, I'm a chef," Beckham replied. "You're a chef? Really? Are you, like, the best chef in the world?"Mac asked, to which Beckham replied, "Tryna be!" Sign up to our free Indy100 weekly newsletter Have your say in our news democracy. Click the upvote icon at the top of the page to help raise this article through the indy100 rankings.

Chevron announced Monday that it has agreed to buy rival Hess in yet another oil industry consolidation deal.